Cold Chain Logistics for Blood and Plasma Products
Blood, plasma, and related components require strict temperature control to preserve safety and functionality. Whole blood typically must be stored at 1–6°C, plasma at –30°C or colder, and cryopreserved cells such as stem cells at ultra-low or cryogenic temperatures.
Transportation begins immediately after donation. Insulated containers equipped with temperature monitors maintain proper conditions during transit to laboratories or blood banks. Delays or fluctuations may cause hemolysis or degrade critical proteins.
Plasma products often undergo fractionation processes that separate key components like albumin, immunoglobulins, and clotting factors. These processes require multiple cold-controlled steps. Even after processing, plasma derivatives must be transported under strict temperature conditions to maintain efficacy.
Hospitals rely on robust cold chain systems for urgent transfusions. Redundant refrigeration units, backup generators, and strict inventory rotation reduce risks of spoilage. Cryogenic freezers preserve stem cells and other sensitive materials used in transplants.
Effective cold chain management ensures that patients receive safe, high-quality blood products when they need them most.